Overview of primary (i.e. hand-entered) variables currently in the system

Less than 50 languages coded Between 50 and 150 languages coded Between 150 and 250 languages coded More than 250 languages coded
Between-language variables (with one datapoint per language)2131193139
Within-language variables (tracking variation within languages)12883981

Total primary variables: 722


Description Set Up Number of entries Number of levels Number of languages
Multiple agreement, only if obligatory and grammatical agreement (excluding clitics) between-language 331 2 331
Like gen_1 sample, but fitted to what’s available on agreement between-language 244 4 244
Multiple agreement, including anaphorica agreement and all kinds of clitics between-language 335 2 335
Possessive classification kind between-language 140 2 140
Possessive classification loci (typologized as combinations of classes) between-language 205 17 205
Possessive classification loci (typologized as combinations of classes) between-language 248 18 248
Possessive classification kind between-language 210 4 210
Number of covert class of bound (obligatorily possessed) nouns? between-language 262 4 262
Number of other (non-bound) covert classes? between-language 3 1 3
Number of covert unpossessible classes? between-language 12 2 12
Alienable classes between-language 251 5 251
Inalienable classes between-language 255 8 255
Number of overt bound classes between-language 273 10 273
Number of covert class of bound (obligatorily possessed) nouns? between-language 262 2 262
Alienable classes between-language 251 2 251
Inalienable classes between-language 255 2 255
Number of overt bound classes between-language 273 2 273
Language name about-language 2927 2927 2927
Stock name about-language 2921 403 2921
Lowest subbranch about-language 302 59 302
Major branch about-language 2078 238 2078
Quasistock about-language 1248 27 1248
Subbranch about-language 1324 155 1324
Alternative names about-language 2888 2878 2888
Degree of endangerment about-language 29 6 29
AUTOTYP GEN1 sample about-language 330 4 330
Genesis by normal vs. interrupted transmission about-language 32 1 32
The ISO 639.3 code about-language 2921 2658 2921
Number of speakers about-language 56 49 56
SIL-14 code about-language 2507 2393 2507
Sino-Tibetan spheres (Matisoff) about-language 73 3 73
Breakdown into 24 areas worldwide about-language 2921 25 2921
Breakdown into 11 continent-sized areas worldwide about-language 2925 10 2925
Longitude about-language 2923 1576 2923
Latitude about-language 2923 1060 2923
Sino-Tibetan spheres (Matisoff) about-language 73 3 73
Semantic relationship in clause linkage within-language 76 12 33
Syntactic relation of dependent clauses within-language 101 2 36
Paradigm and word class choices in clause linkage within-language 82 3 28
Clause order in clause linkage within-language 89 4 32
Attachment level in clause linkage within-language 95 5 33
Scope of main clause tense markers within-language 82 3 27
Scope of main clause illocutionary force markers within-language 78 5 25
Tense marking in dependent clause within-language 87 3 30
Focus marking on dependent clauses within-language 43 2 12
Constituent focus or WH question inside the dependent clause within-language 47 2 10
Anticipatory argument marking in clause linkage within-language 68 2 25
Illocutionary force marking in dependent clauses within-language 71 3 21
Anticipatory argument marking in clause linkage within-language 68 2 25
Cataphora (backward control) in clause linkage within-language 25 2 5
Paradigm and word class choices in clause linkage within-language 82 3 28
Clause order in clause linkage within-language 89 4 32
Syntactic relation of dependent clauses within-language 101 2 36
Extraction constraints in clause linkage within-language 40 2 8
Verbal categories codable in dependent clause within-language 40 3 15
Verbal categores codable in dependent clause divided by avaialbel categories in the language within-language 76 9 21
Focus marking on dependent clauses within-language 44 3 12
Illocutionary force marking in dependent clauses within-language 71 3 21
Scope of main clause illocutionary force markers within-language 78 5 25
Semantic relationship in clause linkage within-language 76 12 33
Tense marking in dependent clause within-language 87 3 30
Scope of main clause tense markers within-language 82 3 27
Short label for easy identification of each construction, mainly used for tabular and graphical reports within-language 97 41 34
ID linked to Formative ID in gramm_markers within-language 91 82 32
Attachment level in clause linkage within-language 95 5 33
Constituent focus or WH question inside the dependent clause within-language 47 2 10
Original name of the construction as given by reference grammars etc. within-language 50 39 20
Intuitive classification into subordination vs. coordination, as given by reference grammars etc. within-language 77 4 34
Three-way breakdown of finitiness, adapted from Bickel 2009 within-language 91 3 29
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Secondary order of lexical S and V between-language 1 1 1
Secondary order of lexical S and V between-language 1 1 1
Secondary order of lexical S and V between-language 1 1 1
Secondary order of lexical S and V between-language 1 1 1
Secondary order of lexical S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 27 3 27
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 21 2 21
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 21 2 21
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 27 2 27
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 6 1 6
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 27 2 27
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 21 2 21
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 3 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 3 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 2 5
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 21 6 21
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 21 4 21
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 20 2 20
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 20 2 20
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 21 2 21
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 21 2 21
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 21 2 21
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 20 2 20
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 20 2 20
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 452 10 452
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 452 4 452
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 394 2 394
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 394 2 394
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 452 2 452
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 452 2 452
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 452 2 452
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 397 2 397
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 380 2 380
Basic order of lexical A, O and V between-language 452 10 452
Secondary order of lexical A, O and V between-language 21 6 21
Basic order of pronminal A, O and V between-language 5 3 5
Basic order of lexical S and V between-language 27 3 27
Secondary order of lexical S and V between-language 1 1 1
Basic order of pronominal S and V between-language 1 1 1
Final or free word order vs. others between-language 452 3 452
Flexible vs. rigid word order between-language 452 3 452
Medial vs. other word order between-language 452 3 452
Initial vs. other word order between-language 452 3 452
Final vs, other word order between-language 398 3 398
Relative order of A and O between-language 381 3 381
Record ID within-language 61 61 48
Type of morphological category covered (if any) within-language 2 2 2
Type of semantic category covered (if any) within-language 13 3 13
Affected formatives within-language 15 13 13
Affected formatives within-language 3 3 3
Affected categories within-language 8 2 8
Semiotic type according to which the category is defined within-language 53 4 48
Affected part of speech within-language 5 2 5
Inclusive/exclusive Distinction between-language 427 2 427
Inclusive/exclusive as Person Category between-language 389 2 389
Inclusive/exclusive with a Minimal/Augmented Numebr System between-language 386 2 386
Agreement marker position between-language 26 3 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 3 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 3 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 2 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 2 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 1 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 1 26
Agreement marker position between-language 26 2 26
Agreement genders present between-language 314 2 312
How many gender classes between-language 112 12 112
Attributive adjective agrees in gender between-language 30 1 30
Anaphoric pronouns agree in gender between-language 7 1 7
Verb agrees in gender between-language 42 2 42
Numeral agrees in gender between-language 16 2 16
Anaphoric pronouns agree in gender between-language 27 1 27
Head genders present (head gender: overt noun class markers or allomorphies or declension class markers that correlate strongly with agreement gender) between-language 131 2 129
How many head gender classes between-language 22 8 22
Do all nouns have overt head gender? between-language 17 16 17
Do all nouns have the same head gender as agreement gender? between-language 19 12 19
Other word agrees in gender between-language 11 1 11
Determiners [NB not including article] agree in gender between-language 25 1 25
Possessive marked (on possessed noun) agrees in gender between-language 15 1 15
Possessive pronoun agrees in gender between-language 6 1 6
Head gender marking is obligatory (on the nouns that have it) between-language 12 12 12
Head gender marking is part of the noun's citation form between-language 12 2 12
Form(s) of agreement marker(s) between-language 36 5 36
Form(s) of head gender markers between-language 17 2 17
Agreement gender is phonologically determined between-language 8 2 8
Agreement marker position between-language 26 3 26
Agreement genders present between-language 312 2 310
Head gender present between-language 130 2 128
How many gender classes between-language 112 4 112
How many head gender classes between-language 22 2 22
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 3 3 3
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 3 1 3
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 7 7 6
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 6 3 5
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 26 8 13
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 25 2 12
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 73 19 30
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 70 3 28
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 160 19 68
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 150 5 64
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 298 29 121
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 290 5 121
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 4 2 4
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 4 2 4
Stem Flexivity (allomorphy) within-language 2790 4 593
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3558 21 655
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3557 5 655
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3557 4 655
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3805 2 695
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3805 2 695
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3554 2 655
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3554 2 655
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3536 2 654
Placement of grammatical marker within phrase within-language 608 4 164
Morpheme type (word or formative) within-language 3777 4 694
Source of grammatical marker (agreement vs assigment) within-language 3435 7 702
Categories expressed within-language 293 17 113
Categories expressed within-language 2049 23 428
Categories expressed within-language 1655 17 366
Categories expressed within-language 4125 23 745
Locus of grammatical marker within-language 3666 6 712
Locus of grammatical marker within-language 3662 4 712
Locus of grammatical marker within-language 3662 3 712
Locus of grammatical marker within-language 3662 3 712
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 6 5 6
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 5 1 5
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 6 1 6
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 5 1 5
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 1 1 1
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 189 24 84
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 185 3 80
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 189 2 84
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 165 2 71
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 120 8 47
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 137 23 72
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 135 3 67
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 144 2 73
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 127 2 65
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 55 9 31
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 3122 37 632
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 3625 3 733
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 3141 2 634
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 3042 2 626
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 466 12 277
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 3701 23 682
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 4171 10 748
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 3656 2 674
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 3656 2 674
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 3656 2 674
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 3652 6 671
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 3652 2 671
Formative Flexivity (allomorphy) within-language 2861 5 607
Survey exemplar of grammatical marker (TAM, CASE, NEG) within-language 1093 4 464
Positional behavior of a grammatical marker in its phrase within-language 1710 9 418
Positional behavior of a grammatical marker in its phrase within-language 1710 2 418
Positional behavior of a grammatical marker in its phrase within-language 570 4 250
Positional behavior of a grammatical marker in its phrase within-language 1890 10 464
Survey exemplar of grammatical marker (TAM, CASE, NEG) within-language 1133 5 465
Formative Flexivity (allomorphy) within-language 2892 6 611
Phonological fusion of grammatical marker within-language 4224 29 754
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 3638 40 735
Locus of grammatical marker within-language 3948 9 742
Categories expressed within-language 4200 24 747
Morpheme type (word or formative) within-language 4337 6 766
Source of grammatical marker (agreement vs assigment) within-language 3437 8 702
Placement of grammatical marker within phrase within-language 613 5 166
Position of grammatical marker on host within-language 3813 25 695
Stem Flexivity (allomorphy) within-language 2830 5 601
Correspondence of grammatical marker to grammatical relation definition within-language 34 7 11
Syntactic function of grammatical marker within-language 28 7 24
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 4 2 4
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 306 31 123
Unique ID of the marker within-language 4666 4666 789
phonological form of the marker within-language 3805 2849 723
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 144 24 73
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 189 24 84
Part of Speech of grammatical marker host within-language 6 5 6
Categories expressed within-language 1655 17 366
Categories expressed within-language 2049 23 428
Categories expressed within-language 295 18 114
Categories expressed within-language 16 8 16
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 163 20 69
Syntactic argument roles marginally covered by marker within-language 163 20 69
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 74 20 31
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 27 9 14
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 7 7 6
Syntactic argument roles covered by marker within-language 3 3 3
Category label within-language 4531 180 774
this field retains the information formally coded in AUTOTYP_Label which was necessary for the production of WALS chapters, namely, whether the language has case or has according to the definition in WALS (and this case is the one used as case exemplar), the present field AUTOTYP_Label codes case names according to the definition used in the GR project (i.e. instead of in many case NOM or ABS is used) within-language 413 14 401
Survey exemplar of role for locus coding within-language 1559 23 292
Survey exemplar of role for locus coding within-language 1558 5 292
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 15 5 15
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 15 1 15
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 15 1 15
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 15 1 15
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 9 3 9
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 137 9 83
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 137 1 83
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 137 1 83
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 137 1 83
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 107 3 60
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 93 10 55
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 93 1 55
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 93 1 55
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 93 1 55
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 80 4 42
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 20 8 20
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 19 6 19
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 20 5 20
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 14 3 14
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 280 21 159
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 278 6 159
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 280 5 159
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 199 3 123
Default locus of a specified Role within-language 1535 27 292
Default locus of a specified Role within-language 1525 6 292
Default locus of a specified Role within-language 1530 5 292
Default locus of a specified Role within-language 846 4 267
Default locus of a specified Role within-language 1549 29 292
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 280 21 159
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 93 10 55
Survey exemplar of role for locus coding within-language 1560 24 292
Alternative Locus of a specified Role within-language 20 8 20
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 137 9 83
Part of speech constraint of locus per role within-language 15 5 15
Alignment of lexical arguments with S between-language 279 15 279
Alignment of pronominal arguments with S between-language 261 20 261
Alignment of verb agreement with S between-language 269 25 269
Alignment of verb agreement with O in ditransitives between-language 104 11 104
Overall S-alignment type between-language 276 20 276
Overall O-alignment type in ditransitives between-language 119 14 119
Alignment of lexical arguments with O in theme-sesquitransitives between-language 7 6 7
Alignment of pronominal arguments with O in theme-sesquitransitives between-language 7 6 7
Alignment of verb agreement with O in theme-sesquitransitives between-language 6 2 6
Overall O-alignment type in theme-sesquitransitives between-language 6 4 6
Alignment of lexical arguments with O in instrument-sesquitransitives between-language 2 2 2
Alignment of pronominal arguments with O in instrument-sesquitransitives between-language 2 2 2
Alignment of verb agreement with O in instrument-sesquitransitives between-language 2 2 2
Overall O-alignment type in instrument-sesquitransitives between-language 2 2 2
Non-neutral case marking between-language 325 3 325
Alignment of lexical arguments with O in ditransitives between-language 101 11 101
Alignment of pronominal arguments with O in ditransitives, 4-way typology between-language 57 3 57
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 1 6
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 6 between-language 10 3 10
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 3 22
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 4 between-language 58 3 57
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 3 between-language 75 3 74
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 2 between-language 77 2 76
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 3 76
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 3 6
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 6 between-language 10 4 10
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 4 22
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 4 between-language 57 4 56
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 3 between-language 74 4 74
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 2 between-language 76 4 76
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 2 76
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 1 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 1 6
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 8 3 8
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 8 3 8
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 8 3 8
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 10 2 10
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 10 2 10
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 8 1 8
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 8 1 8
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 7 2 7
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 19 3 19
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 19 3 19
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 19 3 19
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 2 22
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 2 22
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 19 2 19
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 19 2 19
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 19 2 19
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 54 4 53
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 53 3 52
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 53 3 52
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 57 2 56
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 57 2 56
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 53 1 52
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 53 1 52
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 49 2 48
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 73 4 72
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 72 3 71
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 72 3 71
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 74 2 73
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 74 2 73
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 72 1 71
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 72 1 71
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 70 2 69
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 73 3 72
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 73 3 72
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 73 3 72
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 77 2 76
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 77 2 76
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 73 1 72
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 73 1 72
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 72 2 71
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 13 2 13
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 13 2 13
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 13 2 13
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 2 76
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 2 76
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 13 1 13
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 13 1 13
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 13 2 13
Position of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 3 76
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 2 76
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 1 between-language 77 3 76
Position of morpheme type 2 between-language 77 4 76
Position of morpheme type 3 between-language 75 5 74
Position of morpheme type 4 between-language 58 5 57
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 10 4 10
Position of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 2 6
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 2 between-language 77 5 76
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 3 between-language 75 5 74
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 4 between-language 58 5 57
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 4 22
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 6 between-language 10 4 10
Categorial restriction of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 3 6
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 2 between-language 77 2 76
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 3 between-language 75 3 74
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 4 between-language 58 3 57
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 3 22
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 6 between-language 10 3 10
Word vs. formative status of morpheme type 7 between-language 6 1 6
Position of morpheme type 5 between-language 22 4 22
Agreement categories in NP structure within-language 103 5 70
Agreement categories in NP structure within-language 73 5 48
Agreement categories in NP structure within-language 138 4 92
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 4 3 3
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 5 4 4
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 15 10 13
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 38 14 33
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 96 11 80
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 458 19 239
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 8 5 8
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 8 1 8
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 8 1 8
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 8 2 8
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 31 11 31
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 31 3 31
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 31 2 31
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 21 2 21
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 1 1 1
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 113 17 86
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 112 3 85
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 113 2 86
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 106 2 85
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 27 3 26
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 871 19 429
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 890 3 431
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 887 2 431
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 864 2 429
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 230 5 125
Alienability value of NP structure within-language 648 9 312
Lexical-semantic definition of possible dependents within-language 205 9 113
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 826 35 428
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 595 16 374
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 449 5 336
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 449 5 336
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 446 2 340
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 446 2 340
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 587 4 348
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 606 4 351
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 478 15 345
NP word (constituent)order within-language 634 5 315
Alienability value of NP structure within-language 685 12 327
Purely behaviorial (cryptotypical) definition of NP structure within-language 59 49 49
Formative which defines NP structure, with properties coded in gramm_markers within-language 461 401 239
NP structure type (fine-grained taxonomy) within-language 829 36 428
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 894 22 432
Lexical-semantic definition of possible dependents within-language 206 10 113
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 510 22 260
Additional specific lexical items as possible heads in NP structure within-language 46 42 38
NP word (constituent)order within-language 639 7 315
Inflectional paradigm which defines NP structure, with properties coded in gramm_markers and in paradigms within-language 17 13 12
Possibility of headless realization of NP structure within-language 176 2 119
Agreement categories in NP structure within-language 139 5 92
Formative which defines NP structure, with properties coded in gramm_markers within-language 63 59 58
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 114 18 87
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 31 11 31
Part of speech of possible dependent in NP structure within-language 8 5 8
Agreement categories in NP structure within-language 73 5 48
Agreement categories in NP structure within-language 103 5 70
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 97 12 80
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 38 14 33
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 15 10 13
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 5 4 4
Lexical-semantic definition of possible head in NP structure within-language 4 3 3
Inflectional paradigm which defines NP structure, with properties coded in gramm_markers and in paradigms within-language 3 3 3
Examples within-language 454 436 231
Comments within-language 598 526 316
Availability of a dual (extension of Plank 2003) between-language 472 5 472
Numeral classifiers (presence of) between-language 249 2 248
Numeral classifiers (number of) between-language 237 21 236
Comments between-language 33 22 33
Inflectional paradigm ID within-language 21 21 17
Paradigm member within-language 15 15 13
Zero element in a paradigm within-language 3 3 3
Representative member of the paradigm, chosen from gramm_markers, with all properties coded there within-language 18 18 16
Syllable structure complexity ID (expanded version of Maddieson 2005) between-language 509 3 507
Syllable structure complexity (expanded version of Maddieson 2005) between-language 509 3 507
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 1 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 1 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 5 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 3 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 3 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 2 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 2 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 1 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 1 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 2 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 143 9 142
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 141 4 140
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 141 4 140
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 143 2 142
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 143 2 142
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 143 2 142
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 143 1 142
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 136 2 135
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 198 14 197
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 194 5 193
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 194 4 193
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 198 2 197
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 198 2 197
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 198 2 197
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 198 2 197
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 193 2 192
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 2 2 2
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 6 4 6
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 3 2 3
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 49 11 49
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 45 4 45
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 155 7 154
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 155 3 154
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 219 8 218
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 217 3 216
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 2 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 2 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 2 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 1 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 1 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 1 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 1 7
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 6 1 6
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 2 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 2 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 2 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 1 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 1 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 1 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 1 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 1 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 1 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 1 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 34 3 34
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 34 3 34
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 34 3 34
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 35 2 35
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 35 2 35
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 34 1 34
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 34 1 34
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 33 2 33
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 3 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 3 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 3 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 2 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 2 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 1 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 1 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 50 2 50
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 4 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 4 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 4 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 2 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 2 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 1 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 1 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 69 2 69
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 96 5 96
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 96 4 96
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 96 3 96
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 97 2 97
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 97 2 97
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 96 2 96
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 96 2 96
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 93 2 93
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 9 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 5 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 4 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 2 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 2 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 2 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 2 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 110 2 109
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 119 10 119
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 117 5 117
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 117 4 117
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 119 2 119
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 119 2 119
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 118 2 118
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 118 2 118
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 107 2 107
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 6 6 6
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 10 9 10
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 18 14 18
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 32 19 32
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 59 24 59
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 87 26 87
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 125 37 125
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 167 30 167
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 207 35 206
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 220 35 220
Bipartite stems between-language 166 2 165
Maximum number of inflectional formatives in verb forms between-language 228 18 227
Maximum number of inflectional formatives in verb forms, excluding agreemnt markers between-language 91 13 91
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 6 6 6
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 5 1 5
No role agreement (or other indexing) on the verb between-language 108 2 108
Segmental coherence of verb forms between-language 81 2 81
Suprasegmental coherence of verb forms between-language 112 2 112
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 219 8 218
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 198 14 197
Multiple agreement, including optional and pronominal agreement (including clitics) between-language 225 3 224
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 220 35 220
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 207 35 206
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 167 30 167
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 125 37 125
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 87 26 87
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 59 24 59
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 32 19 32
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 18 14 18
Morphological category expressed in verb forms between-language 10 9 10
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 120 11 120
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 114 9 113
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 97 6 97
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 72 4 72
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 52 3 52
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 35 4 35
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 19 2 19
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 11 2 11
Position of category expressed in verb forms between-language 7 2 7
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 155 7 154
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 49 11 49
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 6 4 6
Argument role covered by verb agreement between-language 2 2 2
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 143 9 142
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 41 5 41
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 4 2 4
Position of argument role marker in verb agreement between-language 1 1 1
Syntactic coherence of word between-language 99 2 99
Maximum number of inflectional formatives in verb forms between-language 228 3 227
ID within-language 881 18 76
ID within-language 881 12 76
ID within-language 881 5 76
ID within-language 833 2 74
ID within-language 834 2 74
ID within-language 881 2 76
ID within-language 36 1 29
ID within-language 881 19 76
ID within-language 881 355 76
ID within-language 472 97 72
ID within-language 721 5 70
ID within-language 805 2 70
ID within-language 735 672 76
ID within-language 877 113 76
ID within-language 877 8 76
ID within-language 877 2 76
ID within-language 877 76 76
ID within-language 875 7 76
ID within-language 875 6 76
ID within-language 866 2 75
ID within-language 875 5 76
ID within-language 875 6 76
ID within-language 865 4 75
ID within-language 681 6 75
ID within-language 246 4 56
ID within-language 98 5 30
ID within-language 45 4 15
ID within-language 28 3 9
ID within-language 9 2 6
ID within-language 681 6 75
ID within-language 246 5 56
ID within-language 98 2 30
ID within-language 45 3 15
ID within-language 28 2 9
ID within-language 9 1 6
ID within-language 676 5 74
ID within-language 246 4 56
ID within-language 98 4 30
ID within-language 45 4 15
ID within-language 28 2 9
ID within-language 9 2 6
Position in the morphosyntactic structure where a phonological domain has effects (edge, spanning all, etc.) within-language 877 6 76
Position in the morphosyntactic structure where a phonological domain has effects (edge, spanning all, etc.) within-language 877 6 76
ID within-language 879 114 76
ID within-language 805 7 70
ID within-language 881 470 76
Lexical specification of morphology targeted by phonological pattern within-language 119 92 36
Exceptional specifications (lexical, category, loanword status, etc.) of phonological pattern within-language 208 170 59
Lexical specification of morphology targeted by phonological pattern within-language 124 101 40
Lexical specification of morphology targeted by phonological pattern within-language 29 19 14
Lexical specification of morphology targeted by phonological pattern within-language 10 5 2
Lexical specification of morphology targeted by phonological pattern within-language 2 2 2
Lexical specification of morphology targeted by phonological pattern within-language 2 2 2
Rhythm typology, as per Schiering et al. 2009 within-language 855 5 74
ID within-language 735 672 76


 

Definition files

Geography
geolinguistic areas
geolinguistic subareas
geolinguistic continents
geolinguistic factor types (enclaves, areas, etc.)
Phonology and Morphophonology
phonological entities
phonological constraint resolution types
phonological fusion (coherence)
morphophonological alignment types (edge-alignment, span etc.)
morphophonological domains (e.g. various stem and affix combinations referenced by specific phonological processes)
phonological and grammatical word-like units (smaller than phrases, bigger than feet or morphemes)
Morphology and Morphosyntax
source of morphological marking (government, agreement etc)
position of morphological markers (affixes, particles etc.: pre-, post- etc.)
flexivity (kinds of lexical or categorial stem or affix allomorphy)
morphological behavior and site (phrase-final, on head, spreading etc.)
locus (various types of head- and dependent-marking)
cryptotypes (types of covert structures, e.g. obligatory presence of some marker, obligatory absence etc.)
morpheme type (grammatical word, affix, particle etc)
Syntax
syntactic argument roles
argument types (as relevant for alignment typology, defined by whatever distinguishes alignment types, e.g. semantic role, part-of-speech, predicate semantics etc.)
experiencer coding type
participant scenarios (as relevant for alignment typology)
grammatical categories
NP structures (defined by their constitutive morphosyntax)
major constituent order ("word order")
syntactic constraint patterns (relativization, control etc. subject to some pivot or other role constraint)
syntactic role constraints (pivots and similar constraints)
parts of speech
clause linkage types
Semantics
semantic roles
semantic classifications
semantic predicate classes (as relevant for alignment typology)
possessive classification types
Lexical structure
lexical strata (affix- or stem-specific strata, loan vocabulary, etc.)